三维超声可从水平切面、冠状切面、纵切面对病灶进行多维度的扫查,并进行三维重建。常见的采集方式主要包括机械式采集方式、手持式采集方式和二维超声换能器。机械式采集方式的乳腺三维成像装置已经应用于临床,如自动全容积成像系统(automated breast volume scanner,ABVS)、自动乳腺超声波系统(automated breast ultrasound system,ABUS)等[22]。ABVS和ABUS因其扫查方式固定及测量全面、不遗漏病灶,可较好评价NAC前后的病灶变化情况,更能客观评价治疗状况。ABVS可反映病灶的长、宽、厚、面积、体积等进而准确测量病灶的大小,并且三维立体图像可为临床提供更加全面的病灶信息。多项研究证实,基于ABVS对乳腺癌NAC后的疗效评估具有较高的诊断效能[23,24]。黄梅等[24]发现通过ABVS测量病灶的最大径、面积及体积的缩小率在预测NAC病理反应性具有较好的诊断效能。手持式采集方式操作灵活,成像速度快,但在一定程度上会降低空间分辨率[25]。三维超声联合超声造影可以立体显示病灶内的血管分布及走行,在评估NAC疗效具有一定的应用前景[26]。
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